MikroTik networking lab setup with Containerlab
I have recently heard about Containerlab on multiple podcasts, and everyone on those podcasts talked good stuff about it. So I decided to check it out in my own time to see what the hype is all about.
First of all, I have been using GNS3 for my networking labs on my local computer or GNS3 VM setup. GNS3 has been an amazing opensource project for all walks of life since it has a growing community of supporting different vendors plus docker container. When I started my IT journey, it was quite expensive to have an own networking lab even for CCNA level studying. I vividly remember that every network engineer used to have a full stacks of rack with Cisco routers and switches for their home lab. It was a very expensive investment to enter the realm of networking industry. There was a virtual network simulator from Cisco called Packet Tracer but it was nothing like working on the actual networking gears. So it was quite confusing and that's how the training institutes used to train networking students.
After I found there was a better solution than Packet Tracer and full stacks of noisy expensive networking gears in rack, I saw the opportunity of actual learning networking with virtual environment. It was and still is GNS3. Initially it was too good to be true but the more I used the software, the more I understand how important the opensource is for all IT tech's home lab. It opened my eyes to look around more and be aware of the existence of all opensource solutions for home and business. The limit is the sky. If I have a willingness to learn something these days, I can learn it free on YouTube or reading some blog posts and articles. For home lab setup, most of the things can be done with a bare minimum hardware and some opensource/free software. That's how I have been doing my home lab and learning new stuffs in IT.
Technologies have been changing exponentially nowadays. It is a bit difficult to chew everything and even digest them all to get my head around it. However this is how we roll in IT if we want to keep abreast with new tech. Learning never stops and life goes on.
Now let's explore a little bit about Containerlab. Assuming that you are using one of the popular Linux distributions like Ubuntu. Here is how to install Containerlab through apt package manager.
echo "deb [trusted=yes] https://apt.fury.io/netdevops/ /" | \
sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/netdevops.list
sudo apt update && sudo apt install containerlabOr run the following commands if you are using RPM based package manager like yum.
yum-config-manager --add-repo=https://yum.fury.io/netdevops/ && \
echo "gpgcheck=0" | sudo tee -a /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.fury.io_netdevops_.repo
sudo yum install containerlabAfter the installation, verify that it has been probably installed on your computer by running the following command.
clab version
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version: 0.47.2
commit: 0b3991f0
date: 2023-10-26T10:18:52Z
source: https://github.com/srl-labs/containerlab
rel. notes: https://containerlab.dev/rn/0.47/#0472If you want to upgrade your current version to the latest one available at its repository, run the following command.
sudo containerlab version upgradeNow it is ready to start using the Containerlab for the MikroTik lab. It is quite easy to bring up a whole lab within a few minutes without adding required images or templates like GNS3. All you need to initiate the lab is a YAML file looks like this.
name: mtlab
topology:
nodes:
mtr1:
kind: vr-ros
image: docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable
mtr2:
kind: vr-ros
image: docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable
mtr3:
kind: vr-ros
image: docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable
links:
- endpoints: ["mtr1:eth1", "mtr2:eth1"]
- endpoints: ["mtr2:eth2", "mtr3:eth2"]
- endpoints: ["mtr3:eth3", "mtr1:eth3"]This YAML configuration is for defining a topology for Containerlab, a tool used for creating and managing container-based network labs. In this specific configuration, a network topology named "mtlab" is defined with three virtual routers running a RouterOS (ROS) container image. Let's break down the YAML file:
name: mtlab: This specifies the name of the network topology, which is "mtlab."topology:: This section defines the network topology and contains two sub-sections:nodesandlinks.a.
nodes:: This subsection defines the network nodes, which are containers running virtual routers. In this case, there are three nodes:mtr*: This is the first virtual router, identified by the name "mtr*." It is of kind "vr-ros," which suggests it's a virtual router running RouterOS. It uses the "docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable" container image.
b.
links:: This subsection defines the connections between the nodes. There are three link connections specified:endpoints: ["mtr1:eth1", "mtr2:eth1"]: This defines a link connecting the "eth1" interface of "mtr1" to the "eth1" interface of "mtr2."endpoints: ["mtr2:eth2", "mtr3:eth2"]: This defines a link connecting the "eth2" interface of "mtr2" to the "eth2" interface of "mtr3."endpoints: ["mtr3:eth3", "mtr1:eth3"]: This defines a link connecting the "eth3" interface of "mtr3" to the "eth3" interface of "mtr1."
In summary, this YAML configuration describes a network topology with three virtual routers running RouterOS (ROS) containers. These routers are connected through defined links, creating a network setup for further testing and experimentation.
After that, it is ready to deploy the network topology with the following command to stand up the lab. If you haven't deployed the YAML with Containerlab previously, it will take a few more seconds to download the Docker images from Docker Hub.
sudo clab deploy -t mtlab.yml
INFO[0000] Containerlab v0.47.2 started
INFO[0000] Parsing & checking topology file: mtlab.yml
INFO[0000] Creating docker network: Name="clab", IPv4Subnet="172.20.20.0/24", IPv6Subnet="2001:172:20:20::/64", MTU='ל'
INFO[0000] Creating lab directory: /data/code/containerlab/test/clab-mtlab
INFO[0000] Creating container: "mtr2"
INFO[0000] Creating container: "mtr1"
INFO[0000] Creating container: "mtr3"
INFO[0001] Creating link: mtr2:eth2 <--> mtr3:eth2
INFO[0001] Creating link: mtr1:eth1 <--> mtr2:eth1
INFO[0001] Creating link: mtr3:eth3 <--> mtr1:eth3
INFO[0001] Adding containerlab host entries to /etc/hosts file
INFO[0001] Adding ssh config for containerlab nodes
+---+-----------------+--------------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------+----------------+----------------------+
| # | Name | Container ID | Image | Kind | State | IPv4 Address | IPv6 Address |
+---+-----------------+--------------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------+----------------+----------------------+
| 1 | clab-mtlab-mtr1 | 6d55a849f9ca | docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable | vr-ros | running | 172.20.20.3/24 | 2001:172:20:20::3/64 |
| 2 | clab-mtlab-mtr2 | 58e47bd51dcb | docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable | vr-ros | running | 172.20.20.2/24 | 2001:172:20:20::2/64 |
| 3 | clab-mtlab-mtr3 | 47468cb9a224 | docker.io/iparchitechs/chr:stable | vr-ros | running | 172.20.20.4/24 | 2001:172:20:20::4/64 |
+---+-----------------+--------------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------+----------------+----------------------+As you can see, it has been setup according to what we have defined in the YAML file. To ssh into each virtual router, both DNS name and IP can be used for remote access. The default login username is 'admin' and the password 'admin'.
ssh admin@clab-mtlab-mtr1
Warning: Permanently added 'clab-mtlab-mtr1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
admin@clab-mtlab-mtr1's password:
MMM MMM KKK TTTTTTTTTTT KKK
MMMM MMMM KKK TTTTTTTTTTT KKK
MMM MMMM MMM III KKK KKK RRRRRR OOOOOO TTT III KKK KKK
MMM MM MMM III KKKKK RRR RRR OOO OOO TTT III KKKKK
MMM MMM III KKK KKK RRRRRR OOO OOO TTT III KKK KKK
MMM MMM III KKK KKK RRR RRR OOOOOO TTT III KKK KKK
MikroTik RouterOS 7.2 (c) 1999-2022 https://www.mikrotik.com/
Press F1 for help
[admin@mtr1] > export
# nov/05/2023 05:44:08 by RouterOS 7.2
# software id =
#
/disk
set sata1 disabled=no
/interface wireless security-profiles
set [ find default=yes ] supplicant-identity=MikroTik
/port
set 0 name=serial0
/ip address
add address=172.31.255.30/30 interface=ether1 network=172.31.255.28
/ip dhcp-client
add interface=ether1
/system identity
set name=mtr1
[admin@mtr1] > quit
Connection to clab-mtlab-mtr1 closed.If you want to visualise the topology, it can also done with this command.
sudo clab graph -t mtlab.yml
INFO[0000] Parsing & checking topology file: mtlab.yml
INFO[0000] Serving static files from directory: /etc/containerlab/templates/graph/nextui/static
INFO[0000] Serving topology graph on http://0.0.0.0:50080
To exit out of the Containerlab graph, press ctrl + c. Within a few seconds, you have a whole MikroTik lab setup with Containerlab; the major benefits with this approach are re-usability and version controllable with Git. All the information about what kind of devices, what version of RouterOS and links between all routers are captured in one YAML file. I am quite fancy of this kind of network lab setup. It will save lots of my time and energy not to find the right images for templates available in GNS3. I can see myself using Containerlab a lot not only for the networking lab but also for any other kinds of devices available on it.
If you want to wipe it clean after using the lab (ensure that you have the devices' configuration backup though), you can use the following command to clean it up. Of course, you can also definitely provide your own startup configuration on each device with startup-config key if you like.
sudo clab destroy -t mtlab.yml
INFO[0000] Parsing & checking topology file: mtlab.yml
INFO[0000] Destroying lab: mtlab
INFO[0000] Removed container: clab-mtlab-mtr2
INFO[0000] Removed container: clab-mtlab-mtr3
INFO[0000] Removed container: clab-mtlab-mtr1
INFO[0000] Removing containerlab host entries from /etc/hosts file
INFO[0000] Removing ssh config for containerlab nodes Last updated
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